absorption spectroscopy equipment avalanche photodiodes autocollimators autocorrelators balanced photodetectors laser beam characterization instruments beam profilers beam quality measurement devices bit error rate testers calibration light sources optical energy meters cameras carrier–envelope offset measurement and stabilization cameras characterization of optics → optics characterization equipment chromatic dispersion measurement devices cameras coherence measurement devices colorimeters chromatic dispersion measurement devices distance measurements with lasers fiber-optic sensors position-sensitive detectors electro-optic sampling systems ellipsometers Fabry–Pérot interferometers fiber-optic gyroscopes fiber-optic loss testers → optical loss testers fiber-optic sensors Fizeau interferometers fluorescence microscopes fluorescence spectroscopy equipment force sensors → optical force and pressure sensors frequency comb sources frequency metrology equipment phase noise measurement equipment frequency-resolved optical gating devices frequency-resolved optical gating devices laser beam characterization instruments goniometers hyperspectral imaging instruments image intensifiers and image converters image intensifiers and image converters imaging spectrometers laser viewing cards image sensors infrared cameras infrared detectors infrared viewers infrared-to-visible converters intensity noise measurement equipment interferometers beam profilers laser beam characterization instruments beam profilers laser diode testing equipment and services laser rangefinders optical energy meters laser-based gas detectors laser noise measurement equipment optical power meters laser trackers laser viewing cards laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy equipment laser-induced damage threshold measurements and equipment LED testing equipment and services line scan cameras linewidth measurement equipment photometers M 2 factor → laser beam characterization instruments interferometers machine vision devices measurement and calibration services metal–semiconductor–metal photodetectors Michelson interferometers mid-infrared spectrometers microchannel plate detectors microscope cameras fluorescence microscopes optical alignment systems optical inspection equipment and services optical clocks optical damage measurements → laser-induced damage threshold measurements and equipment optical displacement sensors optical energy meters optical force and pressure sensors optical humidity sensors optical loss testers optical metrology equipment optical metrology services optical power monitors optical power meters optical pressure sensors → optical force and pressure sensors optical profilometers optical sampling systems optical sensing instruments optical sensors optical spectrum analyzers optical strain sensors optical surface characterization equipment optical profilometers optical temperature sensors optical thickness sensors optical tilt sensors optical time-domain reflectometers optical vibration sensors optics characterization equipment phase noise measurement equipment photoacoustic gas sensing equipment photoconductive detectors photodetectors photodiode arrays photodiode amplifiers photodiode arrays photodiodes photometers photomultipliers photon counting detectors photon Doppler velocimetry equipment phototransistors phototubes polarimeters polarization mode dispersion measurement and compensation equipment position-sensitive detectors optical power monitors optical power meters pressure sensors → optical force and pressure sensors optical profilometers pulse characterization instruments pulse duration measurement devices pump–probe measurement equipment optical energy meters p–i–n photodiodes pyroelectric detectors position-sensitive detectors radiometers Raman spectroscopy equipment laser rangefinders reference cavities reflectometers refractometers beam profilers scintillation detectors Shack–Hartmann wavefront sensors photodiodes solar-blind photodetectors spectral phase interferometry instruments spectrographs spectrometers spectrophotometers spectroradiometers spectroscopy equipment streak cameras optical profilometers terahertz cameras terahertz detectors terahertz reflectometers terahertz spectrometers thermal imaging cameras optical power meters thermal imaging cameras thin-film measurement systems timing jitter measurement devices time-of-flight measurement devices time-resolved spectroscopy equipment velocity-matched photodetectors fluorescence microscopes Twyman–Green interferometers ultraviolet sensors velocity-matched photodetectors wafer testing equipment and services wavefront analyzers wavemeters white light interferometers X-ray detectors 
